A development in direct borohydridehydrogen peroxide fuel cell. One advantage of hp over oxygen gas in ambient pressure batteries and fuel cells, is that hp can be stored in a plastic bag at ambient pressure and be added to the electrolyte by a simple metering pump. Pdf insitu production of hydrogen peroxide as oxidant. To simplify the miniature fuel cell structure and flow mode, we report here a microfluidic fuel cell running on h2o2 as both fuel and oxidant under acidic conditions. H2o2 is used in this unique fc directly at the cathode. The production of liquid fuels such as hydrogen peroxide from not only from water but also seawater, which is the most earthabundant material, and dioxygen in the air using solar energy is combined with the recent development of onecompartment liquid fuel cells for an energysustainable society with no global warming and no depletion of fossil fuels.
Fuel cells require oxygen as an oxidant and require oxygen tank containers when used in airfree environments such as outer space and underwater. Incredible cure 35% h2o2 hydrogen peroxide protocol. A selfsupported direct borohydridehydrogen peroxide fuel. A facile microfluidic hydrogen peroxide fuel cell with high. A direct borohydridehydrogen peroxide fuel cell with. The alkaline fuel cell or hydrogen oxygen fuel cell was designed and first demonstrated publicly by francis thomas bacon in 1959. An introduction to fuel cells and hydrogen technology by brian cook, heliocentris vancouver, canada whereas the 19th century was the century of the steam engine and the 20th century was the century of the internal combustion engine, it is likely that the 21st century will be the century of the fuel cell. Seawater usable for production and consumption of hydrogen. May 22, 2007 a direct borohydridehydrogen peroxide fuel cell, employing a misch. Pdf electrochemical synthesis of hydrogen peroxide. Production of liquid solar fuels and their use in fuel. Hydrogen peroxide h 2o 2 is available at high concentrations, is highly soluble and exhibits a high standard reduction potential. Pdf hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant for microfluidic.
Mar 21, 2007 hydrogen peroxide can also be electrolyzed like water to produce hydrogen and oxygen, which can then be run through either an internal combustion engine or a fuel cell to power the vehicle. Hydrogen peroxide fuels aging, inflammation, cancer. Two recent reports, one inscience by wang and colleaugues and one in this issue ofjouleby surendranath, hatton, and colleaugues, introduce. Abstractthis semifuel cell uses a circulating alkaline electrolyte, aluminium al anodes and maintain the oxidant concentration in the electrolyte by continuously adding hydrogen peroxide hp to the electrolyte. Doe hydrogen and fuel cell technical advisory committee. Hydrogen peroxide is a chemical compound with the formula h 2 o 2. H2o2based fuel cells for space power systems nie luo 1 george h. It plays important roles in host defense and oxidative biosynthetic reactions.
Theoretically, it is shown that the use of hydrogen peroxide in a direct methanol fuel cell dmfc not only increases the cells voltage from 1. Hydrogen peroxide can also be electrolyzed like water to produce hydrogen and oxygen, which can then be run through either an internal combustion engine or a fuel cell to power the vehicle. The alkaline fuel cell or hydrogenoxygen fuel cell was designed and first demonstrated publicly by francis thomas bacon in 1959. It seems a natural progression that the fuel of the future will be 100% hydrogen. The fuel cell and hydrogen energy association fchea is the trade association for the fuel cell and hydrogen energy industry, and is dedicated to the commercialization of fuel cells. Membraneless hydrogen peroxide micro semifuel cell for portable. This type of fuel cell consists of a redox flow cell with the respective redox couple at the anode and cathode regenerated by the fuel zinc and the oxidant hydrogen peroxide, as shown in fig.
Practical hydrogen on demandpractical hydrogen on demand tmtm schematicschematic fuel tank. Hydrogen peroxide could power future fuel cell sciencedaily. Hydrogen peroxidephotofuel cell using tio2 photoanode. In addition to characterizing the device using a 2ml fuel reservoir, fuel cells with mg and al electrodes were characterized in a 100ml beaker containing 0. Pdf the dual role of hydrogen peroxide in fuel cells researchgate. Production of liquid solar fuels and their use in fuel cells. We demonstrate a microfluidic fuel cell incorporating hydrogen peroxide oxidant. Hydrogen peroxide h 2o2 is a weakly acidic, colourless li quid, miscible with water in all proportions. The fuel cell and hydrogen energy association fchea is the trade association for the fuel cell and hydrogen energy industry, and is dedicated to the commercialization of fuel cells and hydrogen energy technologies. It also enables fuel cell operation where natural convection of air is limited or anaerobic conditions prevail, as in submersible and space applications. Fabrication of the peroxide fuel cell the prototype peroxide fuel cells differ from normal h2o2 fuel cell mainly in the membrane electrode assembly. Expired lifetime application number us260497a inventor elbert v kring.
Hydrogen peroxide, or h2o2, is a lowcost, handy household supply that you can use for cleaning, healing, hygiene, and more. Hydrogen peroxide in the form of carbamide peroxide is widely used for tooth whitening bleaching, both in professionally and in selfadministered products. Advanced drinking water purification technologies use neutral. Inthis system, hydrogen peroxide acts as both fuel and oxidant, as realized by the selective catalysisof h2o2 with two differentcatalysts. Gaseous delivered hydrogen will seed the early market. A third method is to use hydrogen peroxide to fuel a turbine engine that will be used to power the vehicle. Hydrogen peroxide has high energy density and decomposes into. A membraneless hydrogen peroxide fuel cell using prussian blue as. Introduction as concerns increase worldwide on rapid depletion of fossil fuels, the. Modeling of the mixed potential in hydrogen peroxidebased.
A papera based microfluidic fuel cell with hydrogen peroxide. Experimentally, it is demonstrated that the ethanolhydrogen peroxide fuel cell with a redox couple of vivvv yields a peak power density of 450 mw cm. This design is inherently compact compared to other cells that use gasphase reactants. For this initiative the jrc develops methods and facilities for measuring and assessing the performance of hydrogen storage technologies, hydrogen detection techniques and fuel cell.
Hydrogen peroxide fuel for automobiles hydrogen cars now. A facile microfluidic hydrogen peroxide fuel cell with. Jun 06, 2017 why germanys new super stealth submarines could take on any navy. In this work, we propose a catalystfree, highperformance zinchydrogen peroxide fuel cell. That means a 20kilogram leadacid battery would put out the same amount of energy as a onekilogram hydrogen peroxide fuel cell, he says. The only moving parts in a h 2 fuel cell are the fuels. Who needs batteries when youve got a hydrogen fuel cell duration. Abstract a direct borohydride fuel cell dbfc using h2o2 as oxidizer has been developed. Hydrogen peroxide can be used as both fuel and oxidant in a single compartment membraneless fuel cell to make a fully green power engine. Much of the interest in hydrogen peroxide waned in the 1940s when prescription medications came on the scene. Membraneless hydrogen peroxide fuel cell using prussian blue as cathode material seyed ali mousavi shaegh,a,b anamtrung nguyen,b seyyed mohsen mousavi ehteshami,a,b siew hwa chana,b 5 received in xxx, xxx xth xxxxxxxxx 20xx, accepted xth xxxxxxxxx 20xx doi. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Hydrogen peroxide is the simplest kind of peroxide.
The alkaline aluminium hydrogen peroxide semifuel cell. Hydrogen peroxide induced dna damage in the tumor microenvironment may also account for the field effect, such that an entire area of tissue appears normal, but has been cancerized by oxidative stress and dna damage, leading to premature aging, inflammation, cancer metabolism and metastasis. Insitu production of hydrogen peroxide as oxidant for direct urea fuel cell. Why germanys new super stealth submarines could take on any. In its pure form, it is a very pale blue, clear liquid, slightly more viscous than water. A hydrogen peroxide fuel cell can be operated with a onecompartment structure without a membrane, which is certainly more promising for the development of lowcost fuel cells as compared with two compartment hydrogen fuel cells that require membranes. It consists of a redox flow cell with redox ions regenerated by fuel oxidant. A direct borohydridehydrogen peroxide fuel cell, employing a misch. For applications that require small amounts of h 2 o 2 or have economically difficult transportation means, an alternate, on. Hydrogen peroxide can be used as both fuel and oxidant in a singlecompartment membraneless fuel cell to make a fully green power engine. Hydrogen peroxide has been extensively utilized as an alternative liquid oxidant in place of gaseous oxygen. Hydrogen peroxide h2o2 is a welldocumented component of living cells. It is the simplest peroxide molecules containing two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to one another and is comme rcially available in aqueous solution over a wide concentration range. Consequently, the peroxidebased fuel cell is well suited for.
Fuel cell hydrogen peroxide mixed potential potential loss mathematical modeling mass transport abstract a onedimensional mathematical model is developed for the study of the mixed potential associated with the hydrogen peroxide oxidation reaction hpor at. Understand structure, properties, preparation, uses. Hydrogen peroxide h2o2 in water has been proposed as a promising solar fuel instead of gaseous hydrogen because of advantages on easy storage and high energy density, being used as a. A lowcost, highperformance zinchydrogen peroxide fuel cell. Its likely that you already have a bottle of it in your home, but if you dont, you can purchase it at any drug store or grocery store for a couple of dollars. The agency has also pursued other types of fuel cells, such as methane, metalair and hydrogen peroxide.
Membraneless hydrogen peroxide micro semifuel cell for portable applications seyed ali mousavi shaegh,a seyyed mohsen mousavi ehteshami,bc siew hwa chan,bc namtrung nguyend and swee ngin tane this communication describes the. Interestingly, hydrogen peroxide is a carbonfree energy carrier that can be used as both fuel and oxidant in a fuel cell engine. This power source is inspired by the high energy content of metals and producing a lightweight, adaptable design that is easy to package. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.
In these cells, the electrolyte enables the movement of the protons. Pdf a highperformance ethanolhydrogen peroxide fuel cell. Finally, the production of hydrogen peroxide from not only pure water but also seawater and dioxygen in the air using solar energy is discussed and combined with the recent development of onecompartment hydrogen peroxide fuel cells. Hydrogen peroxide is the simplest peroxide a compound with an oxygenoxygen single bond. Insitu production of hydrogen peroxide as oxidant for direct urea fuel cell article pdf available in energy procedia 105. That means a 20kilogram leadacid battery would put out the same amount of energy as a onekilogram hydrogen peroxide fuel cell, he. A durable fuel cell power system including hydrogen storage that achieves 60% energy efficiency when operating at peak power and that offers a 325 wkg power density and 220 wl operating on hydrogen. Pdf the dual role of hydrogen peroxide in fuel cells. A new type of fuel cell fc using novel fuel and oxidizer is investigated in this research. Two types of reactant, namely a gasphase hydrogen and an aqueous nabh4 solution, were utilized as fuel at the anode. Figure 1illustrates the working principle of the proposed fuel cell system. The performance of a direct borohydrideperoxide fuel cell. The alkaline aluminium hydrogen peroxide semifuel cell for.
A direct methanolhydrogen peroxide fuel cell with a. It also enables fuel cell operation where natural convection of air is limited or anaerobic conditions prevail, as in submersible and. According to the connecticut hydrogen fuel cell coalition, a stationary fuel cell when used with heating and power systems can have an efficiency level that exceeds 80%. To achieve improved performance, nasa is building on decades of success with gemini, apollo and shuttle alkaline fuel cell power system development and operations.
Stahl, hydrogen peroxide is the focus of growing attention for distributed manufacturing, re. This communication describes the first onecompartment hydrogen peroxide semifuel cell as a micropower source for miniaturized applications. The whole fuel cell system would have advantages of a simple design4, 5. Importance of catalyst stability visavis hydrogen peroxide. As fuel use has developed through time, the percentage of hydrogen content in the fuels has increased. Nov 01, 2012 hydrogen peroxide thus produced can be used as a fuel in a hydrogen peroxide fuel cell. In the1960s, international fuel cells in windsor connecticut developed a fuel cell power. In this article, the peroxide selectivity on binary and ternary pt alloys during orr is measured and the corresponding peroxide formation rates in a fuel cell anode.
Membraneless hydrogen peroxide fuel cell using prussian blue. Us3446671a fuel cell employing an acidic catholyte. Why germanys new super stealth submarines could take on. The reaction between hydrogen and oxygen can be used to generate electricity via a fuel cell. A fuel cell is similar to electrochemical cells, which consists of a cathode, an anode, and an electrolyte. Abstractthis semi fuel cell uses a circulating alkaline electrolyte, aluminium al anodes and maintain the oxidant concentration in the electrolyte by continuously adding hydrogen peroxide hp to the electrolyte. Membraneless hydrogen peroxide micro semifuel cell for. Drinking water purification by electrosynthesis of.
Hydrogen peroxidefuel cell h 2 o 2fc possesses a theoretical power generating efficiency of 119% much larger than hydrogenoxygen h 2 o 2fc 82. Hydrogen peroxide has high energy density and 25 yamazaki et al. The molecules of fuel are hydrogen h 2 and oxygen o 2 color the h2 red and the o2 blue in the fuel cell diagram. Hydrogen peroxide h 2 o 2 with reduction and oxidation abilities can be a promising fuel for fuel cell fc. Theoretically, it is shown that the use of hydrogen peroxide in a direct methanol fuel cell dmfc not only increases the cell s voltage from 1. For these reasons, efforts have been devoted to the development of the fuel cells that use hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant 12e20. Apr 29, 2014 who needs batteries when youve got a hydrogen fuel cell duration. The cell consists of two porous carbon electrodes impregnated with a. In addition to being an oxidant, hydrogen peroxide can donate electrons in the oxidation reaction to act as a fuel. The aim of the fch ju is to accelerate the development of fuel cells and hydrogen technologies in europe, enabling their commercialisation between 2010 and 2020. Pdf insitu production of hydrogen peroxide as oxidant for.
Hydrogen peroxide h 2 o 2 is available at high concentrations, is highly soluble and exhibits a high standard reduction potential. Fuel cell direct methanol fuel cell prussian blue nonprecious metal catalyst abstract in this work, a direct methanolehydrogen peroxide fuel cell is developed and tested. Hydrogen peroxide h2o2 in water has been proposed as a promising solar fuel instead of gaseous hydrogen because of advantages on easy storage and high energy density, being used as a fuel of a. Hydrogen peroxide thus produced can be used as a fuel in a hydrogen peroxide fuel cell. The use of hydrogen peroxide in fcs is a relatively new development, however. Pdf a membraneless hydrogen peroxide fuel cell using prussian. It was used as a primary source of electrical energy in the apollo space program. The presence of ntype semiconductor znpc in between the electrolyte and metal enabled the formation of a photoactive. Prussian blue coating on carbon paper serves as the cathode side while the anode is made of threedimensional flowthrough ni foam. A direct methanolhydrogen peroxide fuel cell with a prussian.
The experimental results showed that such a fuel cell yielded an ocv of w1. Researchers are developing a new type of environmentally friendly fuel cell that runs on aluminum and renewable resources and generates about 20 times more electricity per pound than car batteries. Father willhelm is the founder of educational concern for hydrogen peroxide echo, a nonprofit organization dedicated to educating the public on the safe use and therapeutic benefits of hydrogen peroxide. It is used as an oxidizer, bleaching agent, and antiseptic. A selfsupported direct borohydridehydrogen peroxide fuel cell system. An introduction to fuel cells and hydrogen technology 2 dioxide fig. October 20 hydrogen and fuel cell technical advisory committee meeting presentation by brian bonner, air products and chemicals, inc. Membraneless hydrogen peroxide fuel cell using prussian. Microdroplet photofuel cells to harvest highdensity. This communication presents the prototype of h 2 o 2photofuel cell pfc without using noble metal catalyst. Why germanys new super stealth submarines could take on any navy.
This design is inherently compact compared to other cells that use gas phase reactants. The h 2 o 2pfc is comprised of mesoporous anatase tio 2 nanocrystalline film. The introduction of two redox couples to the conventional fuel cell system brings several striking. The cell consists of two porous carbon electrodes impregnated with a suitable catalyst such as pt, ag, coo, etc. This concept resulted in a safe battery that works at ambient pressure balanced and with sufficient power and energy density to. A direct borohydridehydrogen peroxide fuel cell with reduced.